What is a Sprain?

A sprain involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments, which are tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones to each other at joints. Ligaments help stabilize joints and prevent excessive movement. Common locations for sprains include the ankle, knee, and wrist.

What is a strain?

A strain involves the stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons, which are tissues that connect muscles to bones. Muscles help move bones, and tendons transfer the force produced by muscles to the bones. Strains can occur in various parts of the body, such as the back, neck, and hamstrings.

What are symptoms of a sprain or strain?

Shared Symptoms:

1. Pain: Both sprains and strains cause pain, which can range from mild to severe.

2. Swelling: Inflammation is a common response to both types of injuries.

3. Bruising: Blood vessel damage can lead to bruising in the affected area.

4. Difficulty Using the Injured Area: Both injuries may result in difficulty using the affected joint or muscle.

Other common Symptoms of Sprains:

1. Limited Range of Motion: The injured joint may feel stiff, and there may be difficulty moving it normally. This is usually a result of local muscle tension/spasm following injury to the tissue.

2. Joint Instability: Severe sprains may result in joint instability, making the joint feel loose or as if it might "give way."

Common Symptoms of Strains:

1. Muscle Spasms: Involuntary contractions or spasms of the muscle may occur.

2. Limited Range of Motion: The affected muscle or tendon may feel tight, and there may be difficulty moving the associated joint.

3. Weakness: There may be a sense of weakness in the affected muscle.
   

How do you treat a sprain or strain?

Depending on severity, pain management strategies, laser therapy, manual therapies such as massage and chiropractic care, and rehabilitative exercise prescription may be recommended. In severe cases, imaging and/or surgical consultation may be recommended.